The invention discloses a vertical storage and distribution device. The vertical storage and distribution device comprises a vertical storage channel used for storing articles, wherein the vertical storage channel is provided with a vertical storage trough composed of at least two side plates; the articles can be sequentially stacked in the vertical storage trough from bottom to top; an outlet is formed in the bottom end of the vertical storage trough, and the articles which are sequentially stacked in the vertical storage trough can be sequentially distributed from the outlet from bottom to top. The technical scheme is different from other existing transversely-placed article distribution devices in that the vertical structure is adopted so that the gravity of the articles can be completely utilized, and the articles can be distributed without being pushed by a mechanism similar to a spiral spring driving trolley; furthermore, by adoption of the vertical structure, the space is saved to the maximum extent, the device is made small, the articles can be distributed rapidly, and the distribution speed is high.