The invention relates to a neuroprotective composition derived from mesenchymal stem cells, especially a neuroprotective composition derived from the primary culture of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells. The invention also relates to a process for preparing the neuroprotective composition, as well as the medical uses of the neuroprotective composition in the treatment of neurological diseases associated with neuronal damage, including subarachnoid hemorrhage and Parkinson' s disease.